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Otu esi akọwa na gbakọọ dB, dBm, dBw… kedu ihe dị iche n'etiti ha?

Otu esi akọwa na gbakọọ dB, dBm, dBw… kedu ihe dị iche n'etiti ha?

 

dB kwesịrị ịbụ echiche kachasị mkpa na nkwukọrịta ikuku.anyị na-ekwukarị “mfu nnyefe bụ xx dB,” “ike nnyefe bụ xx dBm,” “erite erina bụ xx dBi”…

Mgbe ụfọdụ, dB X a nwere ike ịgbagwojuru anya ma bute mperi mgbako.Ya mere, gịnị bụ ọdịiche dị n'etiti ha?

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Okwu ga-amalite na dB.

A bịa na dB, echiche a na-ahụkarị bụ 3dB!

3dB na-apụtakarị na eserese ike ma ọ bụ BER (Rate Error Rate).Ma, n'ezie, ọ dịghị ihe omimi.

Ntube nke 3dB pụtara na ike na-ebelata site na ọkara, na 3dB isi pụtara ọkara ike.

+3dB pụtara ike okpukpu abụọ, -3Db pụtara mbelata bụ ½.Kedu ka nke a si bịa?

 

Ọ dị nnọọ mfe.Ka anyị leba anya na usoro mgbako nke dB:

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dB na-anọchite anya mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ike P1 na ike ntụaka P0.Ọ bụrụ na P1 bụ ugboro abụọ P0, mgbe ahụ:

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Ọ bụrụ na P1 bụ ọkara nke P0, mgbe ahụ,

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banyere isi echiche na arụ ọrụ onwunwe nke logarithms, ị nwere ike nyochaa mgbakọ na mwepụ nke logarithms.

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[Ajụjụ]: A na-abawanye ike site na oge iri.Kedu dB ole dị?

Biko cheta usoro ebe a.

+ 3 * 2

+10*10

-3/2

-10/10

+3dB pụtara na a na-abawanye ike site ugboro abụọ;

+10dB pụtara na a na-abawanye ike site ugboro iri.

-3 dB pụtara na ike na-ebelata ka 1/2;

-10dB pụtara na ike na-ebelata ka 1/10.

 

 

Enwere ike ịhụ na dB bụ uru bara uru, na ọrụ ya bụ igosipụta ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu ma ọ bụ obere n'ụdị dị mkpirikpi.

 

Usoro a nwere ike ime ka mgbako na nkọwa anyị dị mfe.Karịsịa mgbe ị na-ese akwụkwọ, ị nwere ike mejupụta ụbụrụ nke gị.

Ọ bụrụ na ị ghọtara dB, ugbu a, ka anyị kwuo maka ọnụọgụ ezinụlọ dB:

Ka anyị malite na dBm na dBw nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe.

dBm na dBw ga-eji 1 mW, 1W dochie ike ntụaka P0 na usoro dB.

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1mw na 1w bụ ụkpụrụ doro anya, yabụ dBm na dBw nwere ike ịnọchite anya uru zuru oke nke ike.

 

Nke a bụ tebụl ntụgharị ike maka ntụnye aka gị.

Watt dBm dBw
0.1 pW -100 dBm -130 dBw
1 pW -90 dBm -120 dBw
10 pW -80 dBm -110 dBw
100 pW -70 dBm -100 dBw
1 n W -60 dBm -90 dBw
10 nW -50 dBm -80 dBw
100 nW -40 dBm -70 dBw
1 uW -30 dBm -60 dBw
10 uW -20 dBm -50 dBw
100 uW -10 dBm -40 dBw
794 uW -1 dBm -31 dBw
1.000mW 0 dBm -30 dBw
1.259 Mw 1 dBm -29 dBw
10mW 10 dBm -20 dBw
100Mw 20 dBm -10 dBw
1 W 30 dBm 0 dBw
10 W 40 dBm 10 dBw
100 W 50 dBm 20 dBw
1 kW 60 dBm 30 dBw
10 kW 70 dBm 40 dBw
100 kW 80 dBm 50 dBw
1MW 90 dBm 60 dBw
10MW 100 dBm 70 dBw

 

Anyị ga-echeta:

1w = 30dBm

30 bụ akara ngosi, nke ha nhata na 1w.

Cheta nke a, ma jikọta "+3 * 2, +10 * 10, -3/2, -10/10" gara aga ị nwere ike ịme ọtụtụ mgbako:

[Ajụjụ] 44dBm = ?w

N'ebe a, anyị kwesịrị ịma na:

Ewezuga 30dBm n'akụkụ aka nri nke nha nha, ihe ndị ọzọ kewara ga-egosipụta na dB.

[Ihe atụ] Ọ bụrụ na ike mmepụta A bụ 46dBm na ike mmepụta nke B bụ 40dBm, enwere ike ịsị na A bụ 6dB karịa B.

Ọ bụrụ na antenna A bụ 12 dBd, antenna B bụ 14dBd, enwere ike ikwu na A dị 2dB pere mpe karịa B.

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Dịka ọmụmaatụ, 46dB pụtara na P1 bụ 40 puku ugboro P0, na 46dBm pụtara na uru P1 bụ 40w.Enwere naanị otu M dị iche, mana ihe ọ pụtara nwere ike ịdị iche kpamkpam.

Ezinụlọ dB nkịtị nwekwara dBi, dBd, na dBc.Usoro ngụkọ ha bụ otu usoro mgbako dB, ha na-anọchi anya uru ike nke ike.

Ihe dị iche bụ na ụkpụrụ ntụaka ha dị iche.Ya bụ, pụtara ike ntụnye aka P0 na denominator dị iche.

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N'ozuzu, ikwupụta otu uru ahụ, nke egosipụtara na dBi, dị 2.15 ka egosipụtara na dBd.Ọdịiche a na-ebute site na ntuziaka dị iche iche nke antenna abụọ ahụ.

Na mgbakwunye, ezinụlọ dB nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị na-anọchi anya uru na ọnwụ ike kamakwa ọ na-anọchi anya voltaji, ugbu a, na ọdịyo, wdg.

Ọ ga-kwuru na maka uru nke ike, anyị na-eji 10lg (Po / Pi), na maka voltaji na ugbu a, anyị na-eji 20lg (Vo / Vi) na 20lg (Lo / Li)

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Kedu ka nke a ugboro abụọ si bịa?

 

Oge 2 a sitere na square nke usoro ntụgharị ike eletrik.The n-ike na logarithm kwekọrọ n ugboro mgbe gbakọọ.

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Ị nwere ike nyochaa nkuzi physics ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị gị gbasara mmekọrịta ngbanwe dị n'etiti ike, voltaji na ugbu a.

N'ikpeazụ, agbanyere m ụfọdụ ndị ezi na ụlọ dB maka ntụaka gị.

Uru emetụtara:

Akara Aha n'uju
dB decibel
dBc onye na-ebu decibel
dBd decibel dipole
dBi decibel-isotropic
dBF decibel zuru oke
dBrn ụda okwu decibel

 

Uru zuru oke:

Akara

Aha n'uju

Ụkpụrụ ntụaka

dBm decibel milliwatt 1mW
dBW decibel watt 1W
dBμV decibel microvolt 1 μVRMS
dBmV decibel millivolt 1mVRMS
dBV decibel volt 1VRMS
dBu ebutula decibel 0.775VRMS
dBμA decibel microampere 1μA
dBmA decibel milliampere 1mA
dBohm decibel ohms
dBHz decibel hertz 1 Hz
dBSPL ụda nrụgide ụda decibel 20μPa

 

Ma, ka anyị lelee ma ị ghọtara ma ọ bụ na ị ghọtaghị.

[Ajụjụ] 1. Ike nke 30dBm bụ

[Ajụjụ] 2. Na-eche na mkpokọta mmepụta nke cell bụ 46dBm, mgbe e nwere 2 antennas, ike nke otu antenna bụ.


Oge nzipu: Jun-17-2021